目标教学在前列腺超声诊断技术带教中的应用价值研究

目的探讨目标教学在前列腺超声诊断技术带教中的应用效果。方法选择2017年1月-2018年12月于我院进行前列腺超声诊断技术培训的影像学专业学生80例,根据入院时间先后顺序分为研究组与对照组,每组40例。对照组医学生采用常规教学法带教,研究组医学生采用目标教学法带教,比较两组带教效果。结果研究组医学生的超声诊断仪使用(94.12±2.73)分、超声扫查技巧(92.81±5.06)分、操作技能(90.83±5.11)分、超声图像表现掌握(91.96±3.67)分均高于对照组(P<0.05)。研究组医学生的总体满意度CEQ评分(8.22±0.24)分高于对照组的(5.25±0.30)分,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论目标教学在前列腺超声诊断技术带教中的应用效果良好,可有效提高医学生的操作能力,提高医学生对带教模式的肯定度。     

普外科专业研究生临床技能和科研能力的思考

医学研究生的教育是培养高层次卫生人才的主要途径之一。我国目前医学研究生学位类型分为两种:"医学科学学位"和"医学专业学位"。普外科专业研究生的培养目标是培养出专业技能过硬和具有科研素质和创新精神的普外科医生。通过分析学校普外科专业研究生培养过程中影响临床技能和科研素养提升的因素,探讨促进两者均衡发展的有效方法以及今后普外科专业研究生的培养方向,制定多元化专业理论与技能培养计划、充分利用导师的直接指导及现代网络信息化办公教学,搭建科研平台积极鼓励普通外科专业研究生参与科研,努力提高普通外科专业研究生临床技能及科研创新思维水平。     

三轨教学模式在肿瘤内科临床教学中的应用价值

目的分析肿瘤内科临床教学中三轨教学模式的应用价值。方法采用分层抽样法抽选2018年1月-2018年12月在本院实习的学生共68名纳入本次实验,并用均等双盲划分法将其中34例纳入对照组(采取传统教学法),剩余34例纳入观察组(采取三轨教学模式),观察两组教学效果。结果观察组理论及技能操作考核成绩比对照组更高,同时在提升学习积极性、掌握理论知识、培养临床能力、培养思维能力、培养自学能力、提升文献查阅能力、提升团队协作力、提升分析解决问题能力方面评分均高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论肿瘤内科的临床教学中采取三轨教学模式效果显著,能调动学生的主观能动性,提升其理论知识及技能操作水平,培养其临床实践能力及临床思维能力,值得采用。     

Efficacy of the cognitive orientation to daily occupational performance with Brazilian children with developmental coordination disorder

Background: Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) have difficulties performing daily activities which reflects negatively on participation, impacting their lives.

Objectives: To examine the effects of the cognitive orientation to daily occupational performance Approach (CO-OP Approach) protocol on occupational performance and satisfaction of Brazilian children who have DCD; to examine whether children could transfer strategies and skills learned during CO-OP to untrained goals.

Methods: A pre-post group comparison design with eight boys aged 6–10 years old. Children participated in 12 CO-OP sessions with their parents twice a week, with an extra session added to the protocol for parents´ orientation. The Canadian Occupational Performance Measure and the Performance Quality Rating Scale were used as outcome measures. The study was registered by the United States Institutes of Health at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03112746).

Results: Intervention resulted in higher, clinically and statistically significant, occupational performance measures according to parents, children’s, and external evaluators’ perspectives. All children improved occupational performance on their selected goals and five children could transfer the ability to use cognitive strategies to tasks not addressed in therapy.

Conclusions: This study provides initial directions for future research to investigate the applicability and to implement CO-OP approach on pediatric settings in Brazil.     

医院临床技能培训中心在应对疫情专项技能培训中的作用——以南通大学第五附属医院临床技能培训中心为例

2019 年底新型冠状病毒肺炎（以下简称新冠肺炎）疫情发生后，为抗击疫情和保障医护人员自身安全，开展了传染病防护技能专项培训。在本医院的临床技能培训中心，按“三区两通道”设置模拟隔离病区、开发传染病防控专项培训课程，对全体医护人员（特别是一线医护人员）进行传染病防护技能、进出隔离病区等项目实景培训及实战练习。以期迅速有效地提升医护人员传染病防护技能和防护下临床操作的熟练度、精准度，在更好地治疗患者的同时，实现了医护人员“零感染”的目标。同时也说明在医院临床技能培训中心设置模拟隔离病区、开设传染病防护技能课程，并纳入常态化培训考核的必要性和重要性。     

Relation between active mediation,exposure to Daniel Tiger’s Neighborhood,and US preschoolers’ social and emotional development

This study explored the relationship between active mediation, exposure to Daniel Tiger’s Neighborhood, and key indicators of preschoolers’ social and emotional development. One hundred and twenty-seven children aged 2–6 either watched or did not watch 10 episodes of Daniel Tiger’s Neighborhood over a two-week period. Results revealed that preschoolers who watched the program exhibited higher levels of empathy, self-efficacy, and emotion recognition when their regular TV-watching experiences are frequently accompanied by active mediation. This was especially true for younger preschoolers and preschoolers from low-income families. Implications for policy-makers, parents, producers of prosocial programming, and educators are discussed.     

The role of online videos in teaching procedural skills to post-graduate medical learners: A systematic narrative review

Abstract

Objective: Online videos are commonly used in medical education. The aim of this review was to investigate the role of online instructional videos in teaching procedural skills to postgraduate medical learners.

Methods: This systematic narrative review was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, EMBASE, ERIC and Google Scholar were searched. Full texts that applied to online videos, postgraduate medical learners and procedural skills were included without language restrictions. The methodological quality of the studies was evaluated using a validated tool. A thematic analysis of the studies was carried out using a general inductive approach.

Results: A total of 785 articles were retrieved and the full text was reviewed for 66 articles that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the study. Twenty papers that were relevant to the role of online videos in postgraduate medical education of procedural skills were used for this review. They were heterogenous in the outcomes collected and the evidence was of variable quality. There was strong evidence for the use of online videos for procedural skill knowledge acquisition and retention. Online videos were used for various purposes, such as supervision, assessment, postoperative debriefing, providing feedback, and promoting reflection.

Conclusion: Online videos are a valuable educational tool especially for procedural skill knowledge acquisition and retention. Future research needs to be carried out on the appropriate use of platforms in disseminating and using online videos, identifying the factors surrounding the learners, video characteristics, and data protection.     

对安徽某考试基地执业医师技能考试结果的分析与思考

目的 通过对医师资格考试结果的分析,了解临床医师人才培养现状。方法 收集2014年安徽省某考试基地参加临床医学类实践技能考试的考生信息,从考生来源及通过率等方面对考试结果进行分析。结果 实际参加考试的考生共1 025人,执业医师考生971人,通过率89.39%,执业助理医师考生54人,通过率79.63%。三站考试通过率分布不均,心肺听诊通过率最低。结论 需进一步加强考生临床实践技能培养,提高医师队伍整体素质。